11/13/2023 0 Comments El 3 civilization v backgrounds![]() Known for his love of poetry and gardens, he also gained a reputation as a generous and noble leader-helped along by the official biographers he hired to record his feats. Saladin’s goal was to unite the Muslim territories of Syria, northern Mesopotamia, Palestine and Egypt under his rule, and by 1186 he had achieved it through a mix of diplomacy and military force. Finally, he gained widespread Muslim support by proclaiming himself the leader of a jihad, or holy war, dedicated to defending Islam against Christianity. He married Nur ad-Din's widow, Ismat, who was also the daughter of the late Damascan ruler Unur, which helped him gain legitimacy through association with two ruling dynasties. ![]() In addition to his military exploits, he also pursued diplomatic efforts to achieve his goals. Saladin’s forces also conquered Yemen, which enabled him to consolidate control over the entire Red Sea. ![]() He also sought to establish his regime as a major military player capable of challenging the four Western-controlled Crusader states, which had been established after the First Crusade in 1098-99.Īs sultan of Egypt, Saladin returned to Syria and managed to capture Damascus, Aleppo, and Mosul from other Muslim rulers. Nur al-Din died in 1174, and Saladin launched a campaign to take control of the lands he had ruled. Governing in the name of Nur al-Din, he strengthened Egypt as a base of Sunni power in the Near East. With the death of the last Fatimid caliph in 1171, Saladin became governor of Egypt, and set about reducing the power and influence of Shia Islam and reestablishing a Sunni regime there. He was also appointed vizier of the crumbling Fatimid Caliphate, which ruled Egypt at the time. In 1169, after Shirkuh’s death, Saladin was chosen to succeed him in command of Nur al-Din’s forces in Egypt.
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